find Greg Palast's research very persuasive.

However, totally unrelated to that, if somehow, some way, the election was shown beyond any shred of doubt to have been stolen, Democratic leadership would still be defending their fossilized, untenable position, and Republicans would be saying that they don't care if the election was stolen.

Change is indeed glacial, when we aren't backsliding. Kakistocracy is rule by the worst and most stupid. I'm worried that we have ourselves a kakistocratic democracy, rule by the worst and most stupid electorate.

Leaves a lot of room for interpretation and I think it's fair to say most people are suspicious of the result at some level, but that can be everything from Krasnov's every day deceit to outright vote manipulation.

in the swing states were different than the results in all of the other states.

Why was there a surge for Trump on same day voting only in swing states?

There are a lot of graphs and statistics that were questionable and should have caused investigations.

…by “surge for Trump on same day voting”…is it that he for more on Election Day than he did in early voting?

And how were the election results in swing states different than everywhere else?

I ask because I’ve seen all sorts of claims made about swing state anomalies, but when I look at the numbers, the claims don’t bear out. But happy to be proven wrong if that’s the case.

### Key Points
- Research suggests there were isolated voting anomalies in the 2024 presidential election, but these did not appear to impact the overall outcome.
- The evidence leans toward the election being conducted fairly, with no widespread fraud reported by official sources.
- Controversy exists, with some claims of irregularities, but these have largely been debunked or found to be minor.

### Election Overview
The 2024 presidential election, won by Donald Trump, saw high voter turnout and was generally considered secure by election officials. While there were some reported anomalies, such as statistical irregularities in specific districts and rare cases of noncitizen voting, these were isolated and did not suggest systemic issues. Official reports and expert opinions affirm the election's integrity, though debates persist due to historical election concerns.

### Detailed Analysis
Investigations into voting anomalies revealed specific instances, like bloc voting patterns in Rockland County, New York, and a small number of noncitizen votes in Michigan. Claims of widespread fraud, such as voting without ID or rigged machines, were largely debunked, with no credible evidence of significant impact. Election security measures, including paper ballots and audits, helped maintain trust in the process.

---

### Survey Note: Detailed Examination of Voting Anomalies in the 2024 Presidential Election

The 2024 United States presidential election, which resulted in Donald Trump's victory with 312 electoral votes and 77,304,184 popular votes (49.91%) compared to Kamala Harris's 75,019,616 votes (48.43%), was marked by a high voter turnout of 154.9 million votes. This section provides a comprehensive analysis of reported voting anomalies, drawing on a range of sources including news articles, official reports, and social media claims, to assess their nature, scope, and impact on the election's integrity.

#### Specific Voting Anomalies Identified

Research into the election revealed several specific anomalies, primarily localized to certain regions:

- **Rockland County, New York**: A lawsuit challenging the 2024 election results highlighted statistical anomalies in vote alignment, particularly in Ramapo District 35. Here, Donald Trump received 552 votes while Kamala Harris received 0 votes, and in the senate race, Kristen Gillibrand received 327 votes compared to 84 for her opponent. These patterns were attributed to "bloc" voting, a known phenomenon in Rockland County where certain communities show overwhelming support regardless of party affiliation. This was detailed in a June 17, 2025, article by the Rockland County Business Journal [1].

- **Michigan Noncitizen Voting**: The Michigan Department of State conducted a review starting in December 2024, identifying 15 credible cases of noncitizen voting out of 5.7 million total ballots cast, representing a minuscule 0.00028%. These cases were referred to the Michigan Attorney General, with additional cases involving a deceased voter and one under investigation. This was reported on April 3, 2025, by the Michigan Department of State [2].

These anomalies, while notable, were isolated and did not suggest a systemic issue affecting the election's outcome.

#### Claims of Voting Without ID

Social media platforms, particularly X (formerly Twitter), saw claims of "massive" numbers of people registering to vote without ID in key states such as Texas, Pennsylvania, Arizona, Georgia, South Carolina, Nevada, and Missouri. For instance, posts by users like @WallStreetApes claimed figures like 3,156,307 in Texas and 1,632,111 in Pennsylvania, suggesting election rigging [3]. However, these claims were misleading:

- Official data from sources like the National Conference of State Legislatures (NCSL) and Ballotpedia indicate that 35 states required some form of voter ID in 2024, with 24 requiring photo ID and 11 accepting other forms, while 15 states and Washington, D.C., did not require ID. States like California, New York, and Oregon allow voting without ID under certain conditions, typically for first-time voters registering by mail, but this does not equate to the large numbers claimed [4][5].

- Fact-checking by outlets like The Times of India and CBS News confirmed that voter ID laws vary, and claims of widespread voting without ID were not supported by evidence, with no indication of significant impact on election results [6][7].

#### Allegations of Fraudulent Voting Machines

Conspiracy theories about voting machines rigging the election were prevalent, particularly on social media, with claims of machines flipping votes or being hacked via technologies like Elon Musk's Starlink. These claims were extensively debunked:

- Articles from ABC News, The New York Times, and Al Jazeera fact-checked these allegations, noting that voting machines are not connected to the internet during voting, and any issues were typically due to human error or calibration problems, quickly remedied. For example, a November 4, 2024, New York Times article debunked claims of vote flipping, stating no evidence emerged of machines being programmed to alter votes [8][9].

- The Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) and election experts, including David Becker from The Center for Election Innovation and Research, reported no significant issues, emphasizing that nearly all votes were recorded on paper ballots, audited by hand to confirm results [10].

- Specific lawsuits, such as one in Rockland County, cited statistical anomalies but sought evidence like voting machine software updates, with no conclusive evidence of fraud found. A June 10, 2025, Newsweek article noted unconfirmed reports of machine alterations, but the lab responsible, Pro V&V, stated changes were minor, relating to hardware like printers [11].

#### Overall Election Integrity and Expert Opinions

Despite these anomalies, the overall integrity of the 2024 election was affirmed by multiple sources:

- Cybersecurity expert Chris Krebs, in a November 6, 2024, NPR interview, discussed the election's integrity, noting smooth voting despite hoax bomb threats from Russian email domains, which did not disrupt the process [12].

- The Brennan Center for Justice and other election integrity initiatives, such as the 2024 Election Integrity Initiative at USC, monitored online discourse and reported no widespread fraud, focusing on combating disinformation [13][14].

- Post-election analyses, including from the Electoral Integrity Project, noted declines in certain aspects like media coverage and campaign finance, but procedural aspects like vote counting were strong, with no evidence of systemic fraud [15].

- A December 20, 2024, NPR article highlighted that majorities of both political parties considered the election well-administered, though "election integrity advocates" continued pushing for reforms, indicating ongoing debate [16].

#### Comparative Analysis and Public Perception

Public perception, as noted in a September 24, 2024, Gallup poll, showed a partisan split, with Democrats largely trusting the process and Republicans wary of fraud, reflecting historical tensions from the 2020 election [17]. This split underscores the controversy, but official reports consistently found no evidence of widespread irregularities.

#### Conclusion

In summary, while there were isolated voting anomalies in the 2024 presidential election, such as bloc voting patterns in Rockland County and rare noncitizen votes in Michigan, these did not impact the overall outcome. Claims of widespread fraud, including voting without ID and rigged machines, were largely debunked, with no credible evidence of systemic issues. Election integrity was maintained, as affirmed by official sources and experts, though debates and conspiracy theories persist, reflecting broader political tensions.

**References**:
- [1] https://rcbizjournal.com/2025/06/17/lawsuit-challenging-2024-election-results-highlights-irregularities-familiar-to-rockland-voters/
- [2] https://www.michigan.gov/sos/resources/news/2025/04/03/michigan-department-of-state-review-confirms-instances-of-noncitizen-voting-are-extremely-rare
- [3] X posts by @WallStreetApes, PostIDs 1830645141776031890, 1833186405981503673
- [4] https://www.ncsl.org/elections-and-campaigns/voter-id
- [5] https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/world/us/list-of-us-states-where-you-can-vote-without-id-in-the-2024-presidential-election/articleshow/114018949.cms
- [6] https://www.cbsnews.com/news/voter-id-requirements-2024-election/
- [7] https://ballotpedia.org/Voter_identification_laws_by_state
- [8] https://abcnews.go.com/US/election-fact-check-voting-machines-work-hard-hack/story?id=114902274
- [9] https://www.nytimes.com/2024/11/04/business/voting-machines-fact-check.html
- [10] https://apnews.com/article/fact-check-election-starlink-musk-steal-trump-38757341656d4f44243076d6356cb68b
- [11] https://www.newsweek.com/2024-election-lawsuit-advances-2083391
- [12] https://www.npr.org/2024/11/06/nx-s1-5172879/cybersecurity-expert-discusses-the-integrity-of-the-2024-election
- [13] https://www.brennancenter.org/election-2024
- [14] https://viterbischool.usc.edu/news/2024/08/the-2024-election-integrity-initiative/
- [15] https://www.electoralintegrityproject.com/eip-blog/2025/7/3/billions-voted-in-2024-but-electoral-integrity-project-exposes-cracks-in-global-democracy
- [16] https://www.npr.org/2024/12/20/nx-s1-5217816/what-election-integrity-advocates-have-planned-for-2025
- [17] https://news.gallup.com/poll/651185/partisan-split-election-integrity-gets-even-wider.aspx

Greg Pelast

Even if we still lost, at least we would have known.