American History
Related: About this forumOn May 1, 1971, Amtrak began operation.
TRANSIT By David Alpert (Executive Director), Malcolm Kenton (Contributor) May 1, 201913
This article was first published on May 1, 2011 for Amtrak's 40th birthday. We're sharing it again today with a few updates to celebrate its 48th.
Today, Amtrak turns 48. This slideshow shows how passenger rail service has evolved over the decades, using maps from Malcolm Kenton and the National Association of Railroad Passengers.
On May 1, 1971, Amtrak replaced a much more extensive private passenger rail network that was on the decline due to massive government investment in other modes of transportation. It has struggled at times throughout its 48-year history, and some routes have come and gone, but its kept valuable rail service alive.

What remains of the national passenger train network, albeit skeletal compared to what it was and what it should be, exists largely thanks to the efforts of grassroots advocates who understand trains superior energy efficiency and the importance of having balance and choice in the American transportation system.
The National Association of Railroad Passengers (NARP) organized in 1967 and built a broad coalition that lobbied successfully for the passage of the 1970 law that created Amtrak. NARP and its allies have successfully fought further contraction of the system ever since, and are now building support for long-term, dedicated federal funding for intercity passenger railsomething highways and aviation enjoy, while Amtrak has had to fight for its small share of general funds in every years appropriations cycle.
Great old footage:
76,077 views Jul 30, 2015
Lee Witten
Published on Jul 30, 2015
This video is a compilation of film clips from a collection of super 8 films made by former Union Pacific Engineer, Stephen Harris. They were donated to the Ogden Union Station Archives and we got a grant to digitize them. I made this video to show the evolution of Amtrak through the first part of the 1970s.
There are some errors in place names or area identification. Thanks to viewers for making corrections via comments. A second edition has been made....
If you insist:
5,012 views Aug 31, 2016
Lee Witten
Published on Aug 31, 2016
Thanks to contributions of new information, a second edition of this Amtrak video was made. I recommend viewers read the comments below for more details that don't appear in the video.
This video is a compilation of film clips from a collection of super 8 films made by former Union Pacific Engineer, Stephen Harris. They were donated to the Ogden Union Station Archives and we got a grant to digitize them. I made this video to show the evolution of Amtrak through the first part of the 1970s.
The Southern Railway was a holdout:
cnlGNERnh
Published on Feb 26, 2010
8mm film of arrival at Alexandria, Virginia on August 28, 1977 after passing of northbound Amtrak
Silver Meteor. Train is nearing its terminus at Washington DC after overnight run from New Orleans and Atlanta.
15,443 views Dec 27, 2013
Jackson Bain
Published on Dec 27, 2013
This is the longer version that ran on the Today Show. The shorter version on this channel was cut down to air on NBC Nightly News that same day.
Wed May 1, 2024: On this day, May 1, 1971, Amtrak began operation.
Mon May 1, 2023: On this day, May 1, 1971, Amtrak began operation.
Sun May 1, 2022: On this day, May 1, 1971, fifty-one years ago today, Amtrak began operation.
Sat May 1, 2021: On this day, May 1, 1971, fifty years ago today, Amtrak began operation.
Fri May 1, 2020: Happy 49th birthday, Amtrak.
Fri May 1, 2020: Happy 49th birthday, Amtrak.
Wed May 1, 2019: Happy 48th birthday, Amtrak.
mahatmakanejeeves
(70,501 posts)The video is there, but you have to copy and paste the address to see it. The trailer is 2:41 long.
https://www.youtube.com/watch? v=mZWBGwiLCFs
Herron Rail Video
5.52K subscribers
15,274 views Premiered Sep 22, 2019 ROANOKE
New DVD of NKP Berkshire 759 on Norfolk & Western's last run of the Pocahontas on May 1, 1971. Includes the 759 freight from Hagerstown, MD to Roanoke on April 24, 1971 when it was being moved to Roanoke for the last Pocahontas.
Wed May 1, 2024: Here's where I was on that day and on April 24, 1971, too:
Mon May 1, 2023: Here's where I was on that day, and on April 24, too:
bucolic_frolic
(55,644 posts)Surprised Republicans don't want to bring back steam trains. Plenty of coal smoke to own the libs!
bucolic_frolic
(55,644 posts)In these gub'mint takeovers everything the RR ever owned becomes public property. So if you've got a piece of it in your garage, you don't own it anymore. Not that anyone's coming for it.
mahatmakanejeeves
(70,501 posts)The Penn Central Transportation Company, commonly abbreviated to Penn Central, was an American Class I railroad headquartered in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, that operated from 1968 until 1976. It was created by the 1968 merger of the Pennsylvania and New York Central railroads. The New York, New Haven & Hartford Railroad was added to the merger in 1969; by 1970, the company had filed for what was, at that time, the largest bankruptcy in U.S. history.
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Merger begins
Penn Central (PC) came into existence on February 1, 1968. On that date, the PRR the nominal survivor of the merger changed its name to Pennsylvania New York Central Transportation Company. It adopted the name Penn Central Company on May 8, 1968. On October 1, 1969, it again changed its name, to Penn Central Transportation Company, and became a wholly owned subsidiary of a new Penn Central Company, a holding company.
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PC locomotives #4801 and #4800, both former PRR GG1s, haul freight through North Elizabeth, New Jersey in December 1975.
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52,873 viewsJan 20, 2009
GreenFrogVideos
21.1K subscribers
Purchase at -- www.greenfrog.com
This DVD continues the action on Green Frog's extremely popular set of Penn Central. Action in this DVD covers the years 1971 and 1972. We'll visit Ohio and Michigan, including Detroit, Ann Arbor, Ypsilanti, Niles, Toledo, Jackson, and Carleton.
Passenger and freight action abounds, as well as equipment still painted in New York Central colors and logos. We'll see the beginning of Amtrak's take-over of passenger service: catch many 'new' and old locos such as GP40-2's, GE U25C's, E-Units, Budd Rail cars, and more!
The Penn-Central also connects with other railroads such as the DT&I and the C&O.
If you love passenger service with name trains such as The Broadway Limited, The Wolverine, The Lake Shore, The National Limited, freight action with cabooses and railroads such as the Pennsy, and the New York Central, you'll love this DVD!
From the Camera of Emery Gulash
Approx. 60 Minutes
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Please watch: "Behind The Scenes at Green Frog"
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Buy GreenFrogVideos merchandise
Sat Feb 1, 2025: On this day, February 1, 1968, the merger that resulted in the Penn Central occurred.
Mon Feb 1, 2021: On this day, February 1, 1968, the merger that resulted in the Penn Central occurred.
Hat tip, Wikipedia
Fri Feb 1, 2019: Happy 51st Anniversary, the merger that created the Penn Central.
02/01/19: Eastern Railroad Discussion > Happy Birthday, Penn Central!
Thu Feb 1, 2018: Happy 50th Anniversary, the merger that created the Penn Central.
02/01/18: Eastern Railroad Discussion > Penn Central Merger 50 Years Ago
bucolic_frolic
(55,644 posts)but I would have placed Penn Central bankruptcy in the mid 70s. How reality slips by when you're really not paying attention.
Gemini: "The original Pennsylvania Station (1910) was demolished in 1963 by the Pennsylvania Railroad (later merged into Penn Central) to sell air rights, creating the modern, subterranean Penn Station beneath the new Madison Square Garden (MSG). This decision destroyed a Beaux-Arts landmark, prompting massive historic preservation efforts and creating a cramped, 1960s-era underground facility still in use.
History & Development
Demolition and Construction: The iconic, original Penn Station was torn down starting in 1963. Its "head house" (main building) was replaced by the modern Madison Square Garden arena and a two-office-tower complex known as Penn Plaza.
The Swap: The Pennsylvania Railroad (PRR) sought to monetize its valuable air rights, leading to the creation of the current, smaller, underground station situated beneath the sporting arena.
Legacy: The loss of the original station was a massive scandal, widely cited as the catalyst for the modern historic preservation movement in America.
Current Status & Challenges
Capacity Issues: The current, cramped, subterranean station serves over 600,000 daily passengers, but it was designed to handle far fewer. It is widely considered inadequate for current traffic.
Structural Constraints: The 1960s construction of MSG introduced over 1,000 columns into the rail platforms, severely limiting passenger movement and restricting renovations.
Reimagining Penn Station: As of 20252026, there are ongoing, significant efforts to renovate the station, which may involve relocating MSG to maximize efficiency and restore a sense of grandeur.
Penn Central Transportation Company
The Penn Central Transportation Company was a Class I railroad that operated from 1968 to 1976. It was formed by the merger of the Pennsylvania Railroad (the owner of the original station) and the New York Central Railroad.
Reimagining the Space
Plans to move Madison Square Garden across the street to free up space for an expansion of Penn Station are in development, aiming to turn the subterranean, cramped environment into a modern, light-filled hub."
______________________
Relocating Madison Square Garden? lol LOL LOL . ... that proposal's been around for 25 years, no money to pay for it. Who's gonna own it? What do you do with the existing events scheduled during demolition and rebuild. Anyone count the cost of cement and labor in NYC? I think they were squawking at $800 million about 2002. Today? $2-3 billion and up. And what is accomplished?
mahatmakanejeeves
(70,501 posts)That started in 1963, four and a half years before the Penn Central merger.
Link to tweet
by JOHN MASSENGALE posted on OCTOBER 29, 2014

Thats the famous quote by the immortal Vincent Scully about Penn Station, where demolition started fifty-one years ago today. But stay tunedsome interesting things are starting to happen, and theyre not the things youve been reading about.
More photos here and here.
Scully in 1979
Born: August 21, 1920; New Haven, Connecticut, U.S.
Died: November 30, 2017 (aged 97); Lynchburg, Virginia, U.S.
Education: Yale University (BA, MA, PhD)
Occupation: Art historian
Employer(s): Yale University, University of Miami
Known for: Architectural teacher
Vincent Joseph Scully Jr. (August 21, 1920 November 30, 2017) was an American art historian who was a Sterling Professor of the History of Art in Architecture at Yale University, and the author of several books on the subject. Architect Philip Johnson once described Scully as "the most influential architectural teacher ever." His lectures at Yale were known to attract casual visitors and packed houses, and regularly received standing ovations. He was also the distinguished visiting professor in architecture at the University of Miami.
Early life and education
Born and raised in New Haven, Connecticut, and attended Hillhouse High School. At the age of 16, he entered Yale University, where he earned his B.A. in 1940, his M.A. in 1947, and his PhD in 1949. At Yale, he was a member of the Elizabethan Club and a member of Jonathan Edwards College.
Career
He taught classes at Yale from 1947, often to packed lecture rooms. He was also a distinguished visiting professor at the University of Miami. Scully officially retired from Yale in 1991, but continued giving courses there and at the University of Miami. He announced in 2009, however, at the age of 89, that he was no longer well enough to continue teaching.
Scully's early advocacy was critical to the emergence of both Louis I. Kahn and Robert Venturi as important 20th-century architects. Scully was a fierce critic of the 1963 destruction of New York's original Pennsylvania Station, memorably writing of it that, "One entered the city like a god. One scuttles in now like a rat." Scully was involved in the preservation of Olana, Frederic Church's home in upstate New York, publishing an article on its significance and endangerment in the May 1965 issue of Progressive Architecture.
In 1983, Lorna Pegram produced and directed two films presented by Scully. The films were for the Met and WNET and based around art at the Met.
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Retweeted by Thomas Gryta: https://twitter.com/tgryta
Link to tweet
Link to tweet
Coordinates: 40.7503°N 73.9931°W
Pennsylvania Station
View from the northeast in the 1910s
General information
Location: New York City
Coordinates: 40.7503°N 73.9931°W
Owned by: Pennsylvania Railroad, Penn Central
Construction
Architect: McKim, Mead, and White
Architectural style: Beaux-Arts
Other information
Status: Demolished (above ground)
History
Opened: September 8, 1910 (LIRR); November 27, 1910 (PRR)
Key dates
Construction: 19041910
Demolition: 19631966
Reopened: 1968 (as Penn Station)
Pennsylvania Station (often abbreviated to Penn Station) was a historic railroad station in New York City that was built for, named after, and originally occupied by the Pennsylvania Railroad (PRR). The station occupied an 8-acre (3.2 ha) plot bounded by Seventh and Eighth Avenues and 31st and 33rd Streets in Midtown Manhattan. As the station shared its name with several stations in other cities, it was sometimes called New York Pennsylvania Station. Originally completed in 1910, the aboveground portions of the building were demolished between 1963 and 1966, and the underground concourses and platforms were heavily renovated to form the current Pennsylvania Station within the same footprint.
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History
Approved plans
The Corinthian columns of New York Penn Station's Main Waiting Room
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Operation
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Demolition
Seen in 1962
The Pennsylvania Railroad optioned the air rights of New York Penn Station to real estate developer William Zeckendorf in 1954. He had previously suggested that the two-block site of the main building could be used for a "world trade center". The option allowed for the demolition of the main building and train shed, which could be replaced by an office and sports complex. The station's underground platforms and tracks would not be modified, but the station's mezzanines would be reconfigured. A blueprint for a "Palace of Progress" was released in 1955 but was not acted upon.
Plans for the new Madison Square Garden above Penn Station were announced in 1962 by Irving Mitchell Felt, the president of Graham-Paige, the company that purchased the air rights to Penn Station. In exchange for the air rights, the Pennsylvania Railroad would get a brand-new, air-conditioned, smaller station completely below street level at no cost, and a 25 percent stake in the new Madison Square Garden Complex. A 28-story hotel and 34-story office building, now part of Penn Plaza, would be built on the eastern side of the block, facing Seventh Avenue. The arena proper would take up most of the block, facing Eighth Avenue to the west. At the time, one argument made in favor of the old Penn Station's demolition was that the cost of maintaining the structure had become prohibitive. Its grand scale made the PRR devote a "fortune" to its upkeep, and the head house's exterior had become somewhat grimy. Those who opposed demolition considered whether it made sense to preserve a building, intended to be a cost-effective and functional piece of the city's infrastructure, simply as a monument to the past. As a New York Times editorial critical of the demolition noted at the time, "any city gets what it wants, is willing to pay for, and ultimately deserves."
The architectural community in general was surprised by the announcement of the head house's demolition. Modern architects rushed to save the ornate building, although it was contrary to their own styles. They called the station a treasure and chanted "Don't Amputate Renovate" at rallies. Despite the controversy generated over the demolition, Felt stated that he "believed that the gain from the new buildings and sports center would more than offset any aesthetic loss." He elaborated, "Fifty years from now, when it's time for [Madison Square Garden] to be torn down, there will be a new group of architects who will protest." Despite large public opposition to Penn Station's demolition, the New York City Department of City Planning voted in January 1963 to start demolishing the station that summer. Architects protested against the decision, but to no effect.
The demolition of the station in 1966
Under the leadership of PRR president Stuart T. Saunders (who later headed Penn Central Transportation), demolition of the above-ground station house began on October 28, 1963. A giant steel deck was placed above the tracks and platforms, allowing rail service to continue with only minor disruptions. This was possible because most of the rail infrastructure, including the waiting room, concourses and platforms, was below street level. Around five hundred columns were sunk into the platforms, while passengers were routed around work areas surrounded by plywood. Madison Square Garden and two office towers were built above the extensively renovated concourses and waiting area.
The first girders for Madison Square Garden were placed in late 1965, and, by mid-1966, much of the station had been demolished except for the Seventh Avenue entrance. By late 1966, much of the new station had been built. There were three new entrances: one from 31st Street and Eighth Avenue, another from 33rd Street and Eighth Avenue, and a third from a driveway running mid-block between Seventh and Eighth Avenues from 31st to 33rd Streets. Permanent electronic signs were being erected, shops were being renovated, new escalators were being installed, and platforms that were temporarily closed during renovations had been reopened. Demolition of the old station was completed the same year. A 1968 advertisement depicted architect Charles Luckman's model of the final plan for the Madison Square Garden Center complex.
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Mon Oct 28, 2024: On this day, October 28, 1963, the demolition of New York City's Pennsylvania Station began.
Mon Oct 28, 2019: "One entered the city like a god; one scuttles in now like a rat." -- Penn Station, NYC, 1910 - 1963
Thu Oct 26, 2017: "One entered the city like a god; one scuttles in now like a rat." -- Penn Station, NYC, 1910 - 1963







