by emissions onboard vs. by the factories refilling their batteries; it really gets bad in commutes past 5-10 miles (themselves caused by half a century of car-only sprawl without regional integration by metro and accessible commuter rail)
cars/roads are all back-end costs, which make them politically and financially appealing since each person individually buys their vehicle: if people paid as much for transit as they did for roads via maintenance and their car mortgages there'd be a trolley, LRT, or subway every two blocks out to the exurbs
and even buses are gaspingly inadequate (in spite of the above pictures)--LA's Purple Line ends one-tenth of the way to any destination so everyone rides in speed and comfort--and then so everyone has to wait 10-20 minutes to pack themselves through one door into a standing-room vehicle that limps along at 8 mph
and these are articulated buses that come every 5 minutes and that's still not enough, so most people'd rather drive
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